/100 Your Exam Time is Starting Now.. Answers Submitted IPM T 2 M1 The number of attempts remaining is 2 1 / 100 Indicator baselines should be established: After implementation Before data collection After midline review After project ends 2 / 100 In some cases, contract termination refers to— Contract closeout by mutual agreement Contract closeout by delivery of goods or services Contract closeout by successful performance Certification of receipt of final payment 3 / 100 Which is NOT an element of data quality? Validity Timeliness Expense Reliability 4 / 100 Your company CEO just sent you an e-mail asking you to make a presentation on your project, which has been in progress for 18 months, to over 50 identified internal and external stakeholders. You have been conducting such presentations and holding meetings regularly on this important project. You should begin by— Defining the audience Determining the objective Deciding on the general form of the presentation Circulating issues to be discussed 5 / 100 A recent earned value analysis shows that your project is 20 percent complete, the CPI is 67, and the SPI is 0.87. In this situation, you should— Perform additional resource planning, add resources, and use overtime as needed to accomplish the same amount of budgeted work Rebaseline the schedule, then use Monte Carlo analysis Conduct a risk response audit to help control risk Forecast potential deviation of the project at completion from cost and schedule targets 6 / 100 Your company decided to award a contract for project management services on a pharmaceutical research project. Because your company is new to project manage- ment and does not understand the full scope of services that may be needed under the contract, it is most appro- priate to award a— Firm-fixed-price contract Fixed-price-incentive contract Cost-plus-a-percentage-of-cost contract Time-and-materials contract 7 / 100 Major difficulties arise when multiple projects need to be managed in the functional organizational structure because of— The level of authority of the project manager Conflicts over the relative priorities of different projects in competition for limited resources c. Project team members who are focused on their func- tional specialty rather than on the project d. The need for the project manager to use interpersonal skills to resolve conflicts informally 8 / 100 A workaround is— An unplanned response to a negative risk event A plan of action to follow when something unexpected occurs A specific response to certain types of risk as described in the risk management plan A proactive, planned method of responding to risks 9 / 100 Which term describes the failure by either the buyer or the seller to perform part or all of the duties of a contract? Termination of contract Partial performance Breach of contract Contract waiver 10 / 100 The primary result of effective team development is— Improved project performance An effective, smoothly running team An understanding by project team members that the project manager is ultimately responsible for project performance Enhancement of the ability of stakeholders to contribute as individuals and team members 11 / 100 A number of items in the stakeholder management plan are similar to those in the communications management plan. An example is— Method for updating and refining the plans as the project progresses and develops Stakeholder communication requirements for the current project phase Information to be distributed to stakeholders including language, format, content, and level of detail Time frame and frequency for the distribution of required information to stakeholders 12 / 100 Which of the following is a ground rule for project team building? Perform frequent performance appraisals Ensure that each team member reports to his or her functional manager in addition to the project manager Start early Try to solve team political problems 13 / 100 Which of the following is not a core component of MEAL? Monitoring Evaluation Budgeting Accountability 14 / 100 You are responsible for a project in your organization that has multiple internal customers. Because many people in your organization are interested in this project, you decide to prepare a stakeholder management strategy. Before preparing this strategy, you should— Conduct a stakeholder analysis to assess information needs Determine a production schedule to show when each stakeholder needs each type of information produced Determine the potential impact that each stakeholder may generate Prioritize each stakeholder’s level of interest and influence 15 / 100 Constant bickering, absenteeism, and substandard performance have characterized the behavior of certain members of your team. You have planned an off-site retreat for the team to engage in a variety of activities. Your primary objective for investing time and money in this event is to improve— Team performance Morale Quality Individual performance 16 / 100 Assume your stakeholder management plan has been approved. You now are working with your team to promote stakeholder engagement on your project. You explain in a team meeting its benefit is to— Clarify and resolve identified issues Meet stakeholder needs and expectations Obtain their continued commitment to the project Increase support and minimize resistance 17 / 100 The salience model is one way to classify stakeholders. In it— Stakeholders’ power, urgency, and legitimacy are used Stakeholders’ level of authority and concern are used Stakeholders’ active involvement and power are used Stakeholders’ influence and ability to effect changes are used 18 / 100 You realize that on projects, some stakeholders will not be as receptive as others to your project and actually can be negative from the beginning. Assume you have classi- fied your stakeholders on your project designed to ensure students in your city have access to the best educational resources available, whether in class or on line, your stakeholder management plan is a sensitive document. Therefore, you need to— Tell your team to never disclose it to anyone outside the team without consulting you first Involve your team as you develop it but maintain the final copy yourself Review the validity of its underlying assumptions Set up an information distribution system and have each team member sign it for concurrence 19 / 100 The project scope statement should be used in the identify risk process because it— Identifies project assumptions Identifies all the work that must be done and, there- fore, includes all the risks on the project Helps to organize all the work that must be done on the project Contains information on risks from prior projects 20 / 100 You plan to award a contract to provide project management training for your company. You decide it is important that any prospective contractor have an association with a major university that awards master’s certificates in project management. This is an example of— Setting up an independent evaluation Preparing requirements for your statement of work Establishing a weighting system Establishing source selection criteria 21 / 100 One purpose of the communications management plan is to provide information about the— Methods that will be used to convey information Methods that will be used for releasing team members from the project when they are no longer needed Project organization and stakeholder responsibility relationships Experience and skill levels of each team member 22 / 100 What is the main purpose of a questionnaire in MEAL? To promote the project To elicit specific data from respondents To make assumptions To identify staff gaps 23 / 100 As project manager, you plan to conduct a “kickoff” meet- ing at which you will discuss all the following EXCEPT— Establishing working relationships and standard formats for global communication Reviewing project plans Establishing individual and group responsibilities and accountabilities Discussing specific legal issues regarding the contract 24 / 100 You are managing the construction of a highly sophisticated data center in Port Moresby, Papua, New Guinea. Although this location offers significant economic advantages, the threat of typhoons has caused you to create a backup plan to operate in Manila in case the center is flooded. This plan is an example of what type of risk response? Passive avoidance Mitigation Active acceptance Deflection 25 / 100 A good data collection tool should be: Long and technical Complicated to discourage errors Clear, concise, and purposeful Coded in software 26 / 100 The process of conferring with others to come to terms or reach an agreement is called— Win-win Negotiation Getting to “yes” Confrontation 27 / 100 Projects are particularly susceptible to risk because— Murphy’s law states that “if something can go wrong, it will” There is uncertainty in all projects Project management tools are generally unavailable at the project team level There are never enough resources to do the job 28 / 100 As you prepare your human resource plan, you need to determine the skill and capacity required to complete the activities in the project. This should be documented in the— Roles and responsibilities section Staffing management plan Staff acquisition section Compliance section 29 / 100 The Delphi technique is a particularly useful method for identifying risks to— Present a sequence of decision choices graphically to decision makers Define the probability of occurrence of specific variables Reduce bias in the analysis and keep any one person from having undue influence on the outcome Help take into account the attitude of the decision maker toward risk 30 / 100 What doctrine causes a party to relinquish rights under a contract because it knowingly fails to execute those rights? Assignment of claims Material breach Waiver Warranties 31 / 100 Stakeholder engagement involves a number of critical activities. An example is— Ensuring goals are met through negotiation and communications Developing management strategies to engage them during the project’s life cycle Adjusting strategies and plans to engage stakeholders effectively Identifying the scope and impact of changes to project stakeholders 32 / 100 As project manager, you are primarily responsible for implementing the project management plan by authoriz- ing the execution of project activities. Because you do not work in a projectized organization, you do not have direct access to human resource administrative activities. Therefore you need to— Outsource these functions Prepare a project team charter that is signed off by a member of the human resources department to delineate responsibilities Ensure that your team is sufficiently aware of administrative requirements to ensure compliance Ask the head of human resources to approve your project human resource plan personally 33 / 100 As you prepare to close out contracts on your project, you should review all the following types of documentation EXCEPT the— Contract document for the contract being closed Procurement audit report Invoice and payment records Seller performance reports 34 / 100 As a project manager, you try to use empathic listening skills to help understand another person’s frame of reference. In following this approach, you should— Mimic the content of the message Probe, then evaluate the content Evaluate the content, then advise Rephrase the content and reflect the feeling 35 / 100 Project A is being administered using a matrix form of organization. The project manager reports to a senior vice president who provides visible support to the In this scenario, which of the following statements best describes the relative power of the project manager? The project manager will probably not be challenged by project stakeholders. In this strong matrix, the balance of power is shifted to the functional line managers. In this tight matrix, the balance of power is shifted to the project manager. In this strong matrix, the balance of power is shifted to the project manager. 36 / 100 Project managers for international projects should recog- nize key issues in cross-cultural settings and place special emphasis on— Establishing a performance reporting system Using good communication planning Establishing and following a production schedule for information distribution to avoid responding to requests for information between scheduled communications Using translation services for formal, written project reports 37 / 100 What is the main function of a learning plan in MEAL? Fundraising Project closure Promoting reflection and adaptation Evaluator recruitment 38 / 100 When a seller breaches a contract, the buyer cannot receive— Compensatory damages Punitive damages Liquidated damages Consequential damages 39 / 100 You are working on identifying possible risks to your project to develop a nutritional supplement. You want to develop a comprehensive list of risks that can be addressed later through qualitative and quantitative risk analysis. An information gathering technique used to identify risks is— Documentation reviews Probability and impact analysis Checklist analysis Brainstorming 40 / 100 The purpose of a numeric scale in risk management is to— Avoid high-impact risks Assign a relative value to the impact on project objectives if the risk in question occurs Rank order risks in terms of very low, low, moderate, high, and very high Test project assumptions 41 / 100 In both the weak and strong matrix organizational structures, the primary condition leading to conflict is— Communication barriers Conflicting interests Need for consensus Ambiguous jurisdictions 42 / 100 The key benefit of the control communications process is to— Sharing best practices with other project teams in the organization with lessons learned Ensuring the information needs of stakeholders are met Ensuring an optimal information flow among communication participants Providing stakeholders with information about resolved issues, approved status, and project status 43 / 100 You finally have been appointed project manager for a major company project. One of your first activities as project manager will be to create the communica- tions management As you match the stakeholder with the appropriate communication methods for that stakeholder, you could use any one of the following methods EXCEPT— Interactive communications Passive communications Pull communications Push communications 44 / 100 Your project team has identified all the risks on the project and has categorized them as high, medium, and low. The “low” risks are placed on which one of the following for monitoring? Threat list Low risk list Watch list Low impact list 45 / 100 Because you are working under a firm-fixed-price contract, management wants you to submit the final invoice and close out the contract as soon as possible. Before final payment on the contract can be authorized, you must— Prepare a contract completion statement Audit the procurement process Update and archive contract records Settle subcontracts 46 / 100 As head of the PMO, you will receive performance reports for all major projects. You decided to set a guideline for project managers as performance reporting should— Collect work performance information on the status of deliverables Provide earned value data for project forecasting Provide information at an appropriate level for each audience Focus on cost and schedule variances rather than scope, resources, quality, and risks 47 / 100 You are managing a project with team members located at customer sites on three different continents. As you plan communications with your stakeholders, you should review— Stakeholder management plan Stakeholder register Communications model Communications channels 48 / 100 A general contingency is used for— Risks that are identified at the outset of the project Risks that are not identified at the outset of the project but are known before they occur Risks that cannot be known before they occur because they are external risks Any risks that cannot be known before they occur 49 / 100 On your project, scope changes, constraints, assumptions, integration and interface requirements, and overlapping roles and responsibilities pose communications The presence of communication barriers is most likely to lead to— Reduced productivity Increased hostility Low morale Increased conflict 50 / 100 Assume your construction project is for a small city with only 8,500 people. There has been opposition to it from the beginning, when the City Commissioners approved it by many residents. The residents recognize they will be severely impacted as the new bridges are implemented, and during the public hearings before the Commissioners’ decision, they hired an attorney to state they felt the more cost effective approach was to strengthen the bridges so they met today’s safety requirements. Residents now know you have been ordered to stop work, and they have requested a meeting with the Commission on Tuesday. This means you should— Develop a mitigation plan to present at this meeting Work diligently with the legal department to satisfy their concerns and receive a go ahead before Tuesday’s meeting Demonstrate at the meeting the sustainability impacts of the new bridges Balance the interests of these negative stakeholders and meet with them before Tuesday’s meeting 51 / 100 Recent data indicate that more than 10,000 airline passengers are injured each year from baggage that falls from overhead bins. You performed a make-or-buy analysis and decided to outsource an improved bin design and manufacture. The project team needs to develop a list of qualified sources. As a general rule, which method would the project team find especially helpful? Advertising Internet Trade catalogs Relevant local associations 52 / 100 Stakeholders often have issues, and you have asked each of your team members to document them. At each team meeting, you and your team discuss them and determine appropriate responses. You have a project issue log, which is— Part of the project’s lessons learned Added to the stakeholder register to show which stake- holder raised it An output from the manage stakeholder engagement process An output from the control stakeholder engagement process 53 / 100 The issue log is useful in control communications because it— Provides what has happened and is a platform for sub- sequent communications Includes the project’s risk register Organizes and summarizes information gathered Serves as an information management system for communications management 54 / 100 What is purposive sampling based on? Lottery method Random number tables Researcher’s judgment Coin toss 55 / 100 Project managers spend a great deal of time communi- cating with the team, the stakeholders, the client, and the sponsor. One can easily see the challenges involved, especially if one team member must communicate a technical concept to another team member in a different country. The first step in this process is to— Encode the message Decode the message Determine the feedback loops Determine the medium 56 / 100 What does MEAL stand for? Monitoring, Evaluation, Application, Learning Management, Evaluation, Accountability, Learning Monitoring, Evaluation, Accountability, Learning Measurement, Evaluation, Adaptation, Learning 57 / 100 Having worked as a project manager for nine years, you know how important it is to identify the critical stake- holders so you do not overlook anyone who has a major influence on your project even if you do not ever plan to meet with or talk with this individual. As you work with your team, you explain the key benefit of the identify stakeholder process is that it— Identifies the people, groups, or organizations that could impact or influence project decisions Shows the interdependencies among project stake- holders to enable classification for how best to involve them on your project Identifies the appropriate focus for each stakeholder or a group of stakeholders Shows the potential impact each stakeholder has on project success 58 / 100 You are working on a new project in your organization. You need to decide how best to staff the project and handle all its resource Your first step should be to— Conduct a make-or-buy analysis Conduct a market survey Solicit proposals from sellers using an RFP to deter- mine whether you should outsource the project Review your procurement department’s qualified-seller lists and send an RFP to selected sellers 59 / 100 You are leading a team to recommend an equitable reward and recognition system for project Before finalizing the plan, you want to ensure that executives understand the basic objective of reward systems. This objective is to— Be comparable with the award system established for functional managers to indicate parity and to show the importance of project management to the company Make the link between project performance and reward clear, explicit, and achievable Motivate project managers to work toward common objectives and goals as defined by the company Attract people to join the organization’s project management career path 60 / 100 You have been a project manager for seven years. You now are managing the construction of a new facility that must comply with the government’s newly issued environ- mental standards. You want to ensure that your team members are able to select methods to complete various activities on the project without needing to involve you in each situation. As you prepare your human resource management plan, you should document this information in which of the following— Roles and responsibilities section Resource assignment matrix Resource breakdown structure Staffing management plan 61 / 100 Often in working as a project manager, it is easy to over- look key stakeholders. Assume you work for a device manufacturer and are working as the project manager for the next generation valve Your company has been a leader in this market, which means you have a lot of lessons learned available to you. Your project is scheduled to last four years. As a best practice, you should— Work actively with your company’s Knowledge Management Officer Consult regularly with your program manager Work actively with members of your Governance Board Work actively with members of your company’s Portfolio Review Board 62 / 100 Which of the following factors contributes the most to team communication? External feedback Performance appraisals Smoothing over of team conflicts by the project manager Collection 63 / 100 Which term is NOT a common name for a procurement document that solicits an offer from prospective sellers? Contractor initial response Request for information Request for quotation Invitation for negotiation 64 / 100 Your organization is characterized by hierarchical organi- zational structures with rigid rules and policies and strict supervisory controls. Individual team members are not expected to engage in problem solving or use creative approaches to plan and execute work; management does that. Your organization is characterized by which one of the following theories? Ouchi’s Theory McGregor’s Theory X Maslow’s self-esteem level Vroom’s Expectancy Theory 65 / 100 As project manager, you have assembled the team to prepare a comprehensive list of project risks. Which one of the following documents would be the most helpful in this process? OBS WBS RBS CBS 66 / 100 Contract type selection is dependent on the degree of risk or uncertainty facing the project manager. From the perspective of the buyer, the preferred contract type in a low-risk situation is— Firm-fixed-price Fixed-price-incentive Cost-plus-fixed fee Cost-plus-a-percentage-of-cost 67 / 100 You are developing radio frequency (RF) technology that will improve overnight package delivery. You ask each stakeholder to estimate the most optimistic pack- age delivery time using the RF technology, the most pessimistic time, and the most likely time. This shows that for your next step you plan to— Use a beta or triangular probability distribution Conduct a sensitivity analysis Structure a decision analysis as a decision tree Determine the strategy for risk response 68 / 100 Sample attributes of a communications management plan include which one of the following? Roles Responsibilities Ethics Authority 69 / 100 Recognizing the importance of preparing a stakeholder management plan, you met with your team to obtain their buy in and to discuss it. You explained the key benefit of plan stakeholder management is to— Determine appropriate strategies for a continual focus on identifying stakeholders throughout the life cycle Provide a clear plan that is actionable to interact with stakeholders to support the project’s interests Develop appropriate management strategies to effectively engage stakeholders Plan a series of meetings to ensure stakeholders remain interested and to address their concerns 70 / 100 Why are assumptions included in a Logframe? To justify project expenses To track team performance To highlight external conditions necessary for success To list baseline data 71 / 100 The project team directory is an output from which of the following processes? Develop project team Acquire project team Develop human resource management plan Manage project team 72 / 100 All the following elements must be evident in a written contract for it to be legally enforceable EXCEPT— Legal capacity Mutual assent Appropriate form Pricing structure 73 / 100 You have decided to organize a study group of other project managers in your organization to help prepare for the Project management What type of communication activity are you employing in your efforts to organize this group? Horizontal Vertical Official External 74 / 100 The simplest form of quantitative risk analysis and modeling techniques is— Probability analysis Sensitivity analysis Delphi technique Utility theory 75 / 100 Each one of the following statements about risk avoidance is true EXCEPT that it— Focuses on changing the project management plan to eliminate entirely the threat Isolates the project’s objectives from the risk’s impact Accepts the consequences of the risk event should it occur Changes the project objective that is in jeopardy 76 / 100 Who are primary users of MEAL data? Only donors Data collectors Stakeholders and decision-makers Media houses 77 / 100 As an output of plan communications, it may be necessary to update the project documents, which include the— Stakeholder register Corporate policies, procedures, and processes Knowledge management system Stakeholder management plan 78 / 100 Statements of organizational policies and philosophies, position descriptions, and constraints are examples of— Formal communication Lateral communication External communication Horizontal communication 79 / 100 Which tool compares actual performance to planned targets? MEAL Calendar Evaluation Matrix Indicator Performance Tracking Table (IPTT) SWOT Analysis 80 / 100 Assume you are managing the development of a construction project in your city to replace its five bridges so they are state of the art and meet updated safety standards since they originally were constructed 20 years ago. The design work has been completed, you have awarded subcontracts, and are set to begin construction. Today your legal department told you to stop work as you had not consulted them, and there was a critical standard you overlooked during the design process. This example shows— You need to continually work to engage stakeholders on your project You should use a RACI chart and have one of your team members work with the legal department throughout the project You should provide the legal department with a copy of your stakeholder management plan and ask for their representative to sign it and offer any comments You need to continually identify project stakeholders 81 / 100 If a business venture has a 60-percent chance to earn $2 million and a 20-percent chance to lose $1.5 million, what is the expected monetary value of the venture? –$50,000 $300,000 $500,000 $900,000 82 / 100 The risk urgency assessment is a tool and technique used for— Plan risk responses Identify risks Perform qualitative risk analysis Perform quantitative risk analysis 83 / 100 Requirements for formal contract acceptance and closure usually are defined in the— Proposal Statement of work Contract terms and conditions Procurement audit report 84 / 100 The team you have organized for your new project con- sists of three people who will work full-time and five people who will support the project on a part-time basis. All team members know one another and have worked together in the past. To ensure a successful project start-up, your first step should be to— Meet with each team member individually to discuss assignments Prepare a responsibility assignment matrix and distribute it to each team member Distribute the project plan and WBS to the team Hold a project kickoff meeting 85 / 100 Random sampling ensures: Maximum bias Equal chance of selection Subjective data Easier data manipulation 86 / 100 You realize that leadership without management or management without leadership probably will produce poor project results. Which one of the following key responsibilities best represents project leadership? Developing a vision and strategy, and motivating people to achieve them Getting things done through other people Using charismatic power to motivate others even if they do not like the work Using all types of power, as appropriate, as motivational tools 87 / 100 The last step in the stakeholder analysis process is to— Determine the organizational culture Assess how stakeholders probably will respond in various situations Determine stakeholder roles, interests, and expectations Evaluate the amount of support each stakeholder could generate 88 / 100 A feedback-and-response mechanism enhances: Project income Field travel Downward accountability Donor contract compliance 89 / 100 Which term describes contract costs that are traceable to or caused by a specific project work effort? Variable Fixed Indirect Direct 90 / 100 As you work on your project to update its software train- ing classes to focus on an agile approach, you have a number of key stakeholders. As many students and their managers are requesting these classes, your CEO has taken a special interest in your project and has asked you to accelerate your schedule to complete it in two months rather than in your planned six months but still have quality offerings. This means as you work to monitor overall project stakeholder relationships, you should— Provide notifications to stakeholders about status regularly Ask your stakeholders for regular feedback as you work on your project Provide presentations to each stakeholder group Determine how changes will be monitored and controlled 91 / 100 You have been assigned as project manager on what could be a “bet the company” project. You realize that to be successful you need to exercise maximum control over project resources. Which form of project organization should you establish for this project? Strong matrix Projectized cProject coordinator Weak matrix 92 / 100 Most statistical simulations of budgets, schedules, and resource allocations use which one of the following approaches? PERT Decision-tree analysis Present value analysis Monte Carlo analysis 93 / 100 Analyzing stakeholders is a part of the identify stakeholders process. Common approaches for analyzing stakeholders in a qualitative manner includes all the following two-axis grids, EXCEPT— Comparing power and influence Comparing power and interest Comparing influence and location Comparing influence and impact 94 / 100 Having worked previously on projects as a team member, you are pleased to now be the project manager to develop a new process to ensure that software projects in your IT Department are considered a success and are not late or over budget. However, many of your team members are new to the organization. As you work to establish a high-performing team, you realize the importance of— Mentoring Coaching Moving quickly through the forming and storming stages Safeguarding information 95 / 100 Significant differences between the seller’s price and your independent estimate may indicate all the following EXCEPT the— SOW was not adequate Seller misunderstood the SOW Sellers failed to respond Project team chose the wrong contract type 96 / 100 You are managing a project with team members located at customer sites on three different You have a number of stakeholders on your project, and most of them are located outside of the corporate office. Who should be responsible for stakeholder management? A specific team member in each of the three locations You, because you are the project manager The project sponsor A core team including you, as the project manager, and three representatives from the three different locations 97 / 100 You are managing a virtual team. The project has been under way for several months, and you believe your team members do not view themselves as a team or a unified group. To help rectify this situation, you should— Ensure that every member of the project team uses e-mail as a form of communication Mandate that the team follow the vision and mission statement of his or her organization Enhance communications planning Provide team members with the latest in communica- tions technology and mandate its use 98 / 100 Monitoring mainly provides information about: Long-term impact Project design flaws Real-time progress Community needs assessment 99 / 100 What is the primary goal of an impact evaluation? Check weekly progress Understand long-term changes Distribute tools Conduct training 100 / 100 Given that you are neighbors, you and the CEO of your company have established a friendly personal Recently your company appointed you project manager for a new project that is crucial to achieving next year’s financial targets. Which type of power available to project managers might you be able to rely upon? Referent Reward Formal Expert 0%