/100 Your Exam Time is Starting Now.. Answers Submitted IPM T 2 M1 The number of attempts remaining is 2 1 / 100 Assume your construction project is for a small city with only 8,500 people. There has been opposition to it from the beginning, when the City Commissioners approved it by many residents. The residents recognize they will be severely impacted as the new bridges are implemented, and during the public hearings before the Commissioners’ decision, they hired an attorney to state they felt the more cost effective approach was to strengthen the bridges so they met today’s safety requirements. Residents now know you have been ordered to stop work, and they have requested a meeting with the Commission on Tuesday. This means you should— Develop a mitigation plan to present at this meeting Work diligently with the legal department to satisfy their concerns and receive a go ahead before Tuesday’s meeting Demonstrate at the meeting the sustainability impacts of the new bridges Balance the interests of these negative stakeholders and meet with them before Tuesday’s meeting 2 / 100 The salience model is one way to classify stakeholders. In it— Stakeholders’ power, urgency, and legitimacy are used Stakeholders’ level of authority and concern are used Stakeholders’ active involvement and power are used Stakeholders’ influence and ability to effect changes are used 3 / 100 Assume your stakeholder management plan has been approved. You now are working with your team to promote stakeholder engagement on your project. You explain in a team meeting its benefit is to— Clarify and resolve identified issues Meet stakeholder needs and expectations Obtain their continued commitment to the project Increase support and minimize resistance 4 / 100 The simplest form of quantitative risk analysis and modeling techniques is— Probability analysis Sensitivity analysis Delphi technique Utility theory 5 / 100 Monitoring mainly provides information about: Long-term impact Project design flaws Real-time progress Community needs assessment 6 / 100 Your project team has identified all the risks on the project and has categorized them as high, medium, and low. The “low” risks are placed on which one of the following for monitoring? Threat list Low risk list Watch list Low impact list 7 / 100 Which term describes contract costs that are traceable to or caused by a specific project work effort? Variable Fixed Indirect Direct 8 / 100 You are responsible for ensuring that your seller’s performance meets contractual For effective contract control, you should— Hold a bidders’ conference Establish the appropriate contract type Implement the contract change control system Develop a statement of work 9 / 100 Which data collection tool is best for capturing in-depth opinions? Questionnaire Excel Sheet Focus Group Discussion Scorecard 10 / 100 Requirements for formal contract acceptance and closure usually are defined in the— Proposal Statement of work Contract terms and conditions Procurement audit report 11 / 100 As you prepare your human resource plan, you need to determine the skill and capacity required to complete the activities in the project. This should be documented in the— Roles and responsibilities section Staffing management plan Staff acquisition section Compliance section 12 / 100 The process of conferring with others to come to terms or reach an agreement is called— Win-win Negotiation Getting to “yes” Confrontation 13 / 100 You have been assigned as project manager on what could be a “bet the company” project. You realize that to be successful you need to exercise maximum control over project resources. Which form of project organization should you establish for this project? Strong matrix Projectized cProject coordinator Weak matrix 14 / 100 Indicator baselines should be established: After implementation Before data collection After midline review After project ends 15 / 100 You have been a project manager for seven years. You now are managing the construction of a new facility that must comply with the government’s newly issued environ- mental standards. You want to ensure that your team members are able to select methods to complete various activities on the project without needing to involve you in each situation. As you prepare your human resource management plan, you should document this information in which of the following— Roles and responsibilities section Resource assignment matrix Resource breakdown structure Staffing management plan 16 / 100 You realize that on projects, some stakeholders will not be as receptive as others to your project and actually can be negative from the beginning. Assume you have classi- fied your stakeholders on your project designed to ensure students in your city have access to the best educational resources available, whether in class or on line, your stakeholder management plan is a sensitive document. Therefore, you need to— Tell your team to never disclose it to anyone outside the team without consulting you first Involve your team as you develop it but maintain the final copy yourself Review the validity of its underlying assumptions Set up an information distribution system and have each team member sign it for concurrence 17 / 100 Recent data indicate that more than 10,000 airline passengers are injured each year from baggage that falls from overhead bins. You performed a make-or-buy analysis and decided to outsource an improved bin design and manufacture. The project team needs to develop a list of qualified sources. As a general rule, which method would the project team find especially helpful? Advertising Internet Trade catalogs Relevant local associations 18 / 100 Assume you are managing the development of a construction project in your city to replace its five bridges so they are state of the art and meet updated safety standards since they originally were constructed 20 years ago. The design work has been completed, you have awarded subcontracts, and are set to begin construction. Today your legal department told you to stop work as you had not consulted them, and there was a critical standard you overlooked during the design process. This example shows— You need to continually work to engage stakeholders on your project You should use a RACI chart and have one of your team members work with the legal department throughout the project You should provide the legal department with a copy of your stakeholder management plan and ask for their representative to sign it and offer any comments You need to continually identify project stakeholders 19 / 100 The key benefit of the control communications process is to— Sharing best practices with other project teams in the organization with lessons learned Ensuring the information needs of stakeholders are met Ensuring an optimal information flow among communication participants Providing stakeholders with information about resolved issues, approved status, and project status 20 / 100 Recognizing the importance of preparing a stakeholder management plan, you met with your team to obtain their buy in and to discuss it. You explained the key benefit of plan stakeholder management is to— Determine appropriate strategies for a continual focus on identifying stakeholders throughout the life cycle Provide a clear plan that is actionable to interact with stakeholders to support the project’s interests Develop appropriate management strategies to effectively engage stakeholders Plan a series of meetings to ensure stakeholders remain interested and to address their concerns 21 / 100 As an output of plan communications, it may be necessary to update the project documents, which include the— Stakeholder register Corporate policies, procedures, and processes Knowledge management system Stakeholder management plan 22 / 100 Each one of the following statements about risk avoidance is true EXCEPT that it— Focuses on changing the project management plan to eliminate entirely the threat Isolates the project’s objectives from the risk’s impact Accepts the consequences of the risk event should it occur Changes the project objective that is in jeopardy 23 / 100 A project health check identified a risk that your project would not be completed on time. As a result, you are quantifying the project’s risk exposure and determining what cost and schedule contingency reserves might be needed. You performed a schedule risk analysis using Monte Carlo analysis. The basis for your schedule risk analysis is the— WBS Gantt chart Schedule network diagram and duration estimates Probability/impact risk rating matrix 24 / 100 You are managing a virtual team. The project has been under way for several months, and you believe your team members do not view themselves as a team or a unified group. To help rectify this situation, you should— Ensure that every member of the project team uses e-mail as a form of communication Mandate that the team follow the vision and mission statement of his or her organization Enhance communications planning Provide team members with the latest in communica- tions technology and mandate its use 25 / 100 Assume you are actively working, along with your team, to manage stakeholder engagement on your project to develop a new drug to prevent any retina problems of any type. You know you must manage their engagement throughout the project life cycle. This means some organizational process assets will need updating including— Informal and formal project reports The stakeholder register The stakeholder management plan Work performance information 26 / 100 What is the primary goal of an impact evaluation? Check weekly progress Understand long-term changes Distribute tools Conduct training 27 / 100 Project A is being administered using a matrix form of organization. The project manager reports to a senior vice president who provides visible support to the In this scenario, which of the following statements best describes the relative power of the project manager? The project manager will probably not be challenged by project stakeholders. In this strong matrix, the balance of power is shifted to the functional line managers. In this tight matrix, the balance of power is shifted to the project manager. In this strong matrix, the balance of power is shifted to the project manager. 28 / 100 You have decided to organize a study group of other project managers in your organization to help prepare for the Project management What type of communication activity are you employing in your efforts to organize this group? Horizontal Vertical Official External 29 / 100 Work performance information is an output of control stakeholder It includes a number of items, one of which is— Change requests Issue log Documented lessons learned Status of deliverables 30 / 100 Stakeholder engagement involves a number of critical activities. An example is— Ensuring goals are met through negotiation and communications Developing management strategies to engage them during the project’s life cycle Adjusting strategies and plans to engage stakeholders effectively Identifying the scope and impact of changes to project stakeholders 31 / 100 As you work on your project to update its software train- ing classes to focus on an agile approach, you have a number of key stakeholders. As many students and their managers are requesting these classes, your CEO has taken a special interest in your project and has asked you to accelerate your schedule to complete it in two months rather than in your planned six months but still have quality offerings. This means as you work to monitor overall project stakeholder relationships, you should— Provide notifications to stakeholders about status regularly Ask your stakeholders for regular feedback as you work on your project Provide presentations to each stakeholder group Determine how changes will be monitored and controlled 32 / 100 In both the weak and strong matrix organizational structures, the primary condition leading to conflict is— Communication barriers Conflicting interests Need for consensus Ambiguous jurisdictions 33 / 100 Which term is NOT a common name for a procurement document that solicits an offer from prospective sellers? Contractor initial response Request for information Request for quotation Invitation for negotiation 34 / 100 During your project, you will have a number of different types of meetings. Some will be informational, others will be key updates, and some will be for decision-making purposes. While different attendees will attend each meet- ing, a best practice to follow is to: Group stakeholders into categories to determine which ones should attend each meeting Invite those stakeholders who have a high level of interest in your project to attend each meeting Be sensitive to the fact that stakeholders often have very different objectives Recognize that roles and responsibilities may overlap but practice a policy of ‘no surprises’ and inform your stakeholders about any upcoming meetings 35 / 100 Your organization is characterized by hierarchical organi- zational structures with rigid rules and policies and strict supervisory controls. Individual team members are not expected to engage in problem solving or use creative approaches to plan and execute work; management does that. Your organization is characterized by which one of the following theories? Ouchi’s Theory McGregor’s Theory X Maslow’s self-esteem level Vroom’s Expectancy Theory 36 / 100 You are a contractor for a state agency. Your company recently completed a water resource management project for the state and received payment on its final invoice today. A procurement audit has been conducted. Formal notification that the contract has been closed should be provided to your company by the— State’s project manager Person responsible for procurement administration Project control officer Project sponsor or owner 37 / 100 What is the primary purpose of a Logical Framework (Logframe)? To plan project staffing To outline project costs To summarize project objectives, indicators, and assumptions To list donor requirements 38 / 100 A recent earned value analysis shows that your project is 20 percent complete, the CPI is 67, and the SPI is 0.87. In this situation, you should— Perform additional resource planning, add resources, and use overtime as needed to accomplish the same amount of budgeted work Rebaseline the schedule, then use Monte Carlo analysis Conduct a risk response audit to help control risk Forecast potential deviation of the project at completion from cost and schedule targets 39 / 100 Which of the following is a ground rule for project team building? Perform frequent performance appraisals Ensure that each team member reports to his or her functional manager in addition to the project manager Start early Try to solve team political problems 40 / 100 Project managers spend a great deal of time communi- cating with the team, the stakeholders, the client, and the sponsor. One can easily see the challenges involved, especially if one team member must communicate a technical concept to another team member in a different country. The first step in this process is to— Encode the message Decode the message Determine the feedback loops Determine the medium 41 / 100 One purpose of the communications management plan is to provide information about the— Methods that will be used to convey information Methods that will be used for releasing team members from the project when they are no longer needed Project organization and stakeholder responsibility relationships Experience and skill levels of each team member 42 / 100 The primary result of effective team development is— Improved project performance An effective, smoothly running team An understanding by project team members that the project manager is ultimately responsible for project performance Enhancement of the ability of stakeholders to contribute as individuals and team members 43 / 100 The Delphi technique is a particularly useful method for identifying risks to— Present a sequence of decision choices graphically to decision makers Define the probability of occurrence of specific variables Reduce bias in the analysis and keep any one person from having undue influence on the outcome Help take into account the attitude of the decision maker toward risk 44 / 100 Random sampling ensures: Maximum bias Equal chance of selection Subjective data Easier data manipulation 45 / 100 Why are assumptions included in a Logframe? To justify project expenses To track team performance To highlight external conditions necessary for success To list baseline data 46 / 100 Your company CEO just sent you an e-mail asking you to make a presentation on your project, which has been in progress for 18 months, to over 50 identified internal and external stakeholders. You have been conducting such presentations and holding meetings regularly on this important project. You should begin by— Defining the audience Determining the objective Deciding on the general form of the presentation Circulating issues to be discussed 47 / 100 Which of the following is not a core component of MEAL? Monitoring Evaluation Budgeting Accountability 48 / 100 Which of the following is found at the lowest level of the Logframe objective hierarchy? Goal Strategic Objective Intermediate Result Activity 49 / 100 You are working on a new project in your organization. You need to decide how best to staff the project and handle all its resource Your first step should be to— Conduct a make-or-buy analysis Conduct a market survey Solicit proposals from sellers using an RFP to deter- mine whether you should outsource the project Review your procurement department’s qualified-seller lists and send an RFP to selected sellers 50 / 100 Contract type selection is dependent on the degree of risk or uncertainty facing the project manager. From the perspective of the buyer, the preferred contract type in a low-risk situation is— Firm-fixed-price Fixed-price-incentive Cost-plus-fixed fee Cost-plus-a-percentage-of-cost 51 / 100 Having worked as a project manager for nine years, you know how important it is to identify the critical stake- holders so you do not overlook anyone who has a major influence on your project even if you do not ever plan to meet with or talk with this individual. As you work with your team, you explain the key benefit of the identify stakeholder process is that it— Identifies the people, groups, or organizations that could impact or influence project decisions Shows the interdependencies among project stake- holders to enable classification for how best to involve them on your project Identifies the appropriate focus for each stakeholder or a group of stakeholders Shows the potential impact each stakeholder has on project success 52 / 100 You are managing a project with team members located at customer sites on three different continents. As you plan communications with your stakeholders, you should review— Stakeholder management plan Stakeholder register Communications model Communications channels 53 / 100 Projects are particularly susceptible to risk because— Murphy’s law states that “if something can go wrong, it will” There is uncertainty in all projects Project management tools are generally unavailable at the project team level There are never enough resources to do the job 54 / 100 You finally have been appointed project manager for a major company project. One of your first activities as project manager will be to create the communica- tions management As you match the stakeholder with the appropriate communication methods for that stakeholder, you could use any one of the following methods EXCEPT— Interactive communications Passive communications Pull communications Push communications 55 / 100 Which of the following factors contributes the most to team communication? External feedback Performance appraisals Smoothing over of team conflicts by the project manager Collection 56 / 100 Sample attributes of a communications management plan include which one of the following? Roles Responsibilities Ethics Authority 57 / 100 What doctrine causes a party to relinquish rights under a contract because it knowingly fails to execute those rights? Assignment of claims Material breach Waiver Warranties 58 / 100 It is important on all projects to determine when and how human resources will be met. Assume that you are managing a project to assess methods for streamlining the regulatory approval process for new medical devices in your government agency. Because the agency has undergone downsizing during the past three years, sub- ject matter experts are in short supply. You must deter- mine whether the needed subject matter experts can be acquired from inside the agency or whether you must use This information should be documented in the— Make-or-buy decisions in the procurement management plan Contracts management plan Staffing management plan Resource management plan 59 / 100 The issue log is useful in control communications because it— Provides what has happened and is a platform for sub- sequent communications Includes the project’s risk register Organizes and summarizes information gathered Serves as an information management system for communications management 60 / 100 Which tool outlines activities, data sources, and responsibilities? PMP (Performance Management Plan) SWOT Analysis Logframe Community Scorecard 61 / 100 The last step in the stakeholder analysis process is to— Determine the organizational culture Assess how stakeholders probably will respond in various situations Determine stakeholder roles, interests, and expectations Evaluate the amount of support each stakeholder could generate 62 / 100 You are managing a project with team members located at customer sites on three different You have a number of stakeholders on your project, and most of them are located outside of the corporate office. Who should be responsible for stakeholder management? A specific team member in each of the three locations You, because you are the project manager The project sponsor A core team including you, as the project manager, and three representatives from the three different locations 63 / 100 In plan stakeholder management, all organizational assets are used as inputs; however, which of the following are of particular importance? Organization culture and the political climate Practices and habits and templates Lessons learned database and historical information Organization’s knowledge management system and policies and procedures 64 / 100 You plan to award a contract to provide project management training for your company. You decide it is important that any prospective contractor have an association with a major university that awards master’s certificates in project management. This is an example of— Setting up an independent evaluation Preparing requirements for your statement of work Establishing a weighting system Establishing source selection criteria 65 / 100 The team you have organized for your new project con- sists of three people who will work full-time and five people who will support the project on a part-time basis. All team members know one another and have worked together in the past. To ensure a successful project start-up, your first step should be to— Meet with each team member individually to discuss assignments Prepare a responsibility assignment matrix and distribute it to each team member Distribute the project plan and WBS to the team Hold a project kickoff meeting 66 / 100 The purpose of a numeric scale in risk management is to— Avoid high-impact risks Assign a relative value to the impact on project objectives if the risk in question occurs Rank order risks in terms of very low, low, moderate, high, and very high Test project assumptions 67 / 100 Often in working as a project manager, it is easy to over- look key stakeholders. Assume you work for a device manufacturer and are working as the project manager for the next generation valve Your company has been a leader in this market, which means you have a lot of lessons learned available to you. Your project is scheduled to last four years. As a best practice, you should— Work actively with your company’s Knowledge Management Officer Consult regularly with your program manager Work actively with members of your Governance Board Work actively with members of your company’s Portfolio Review Board 68 / 100 As a project manager, you try to use empathic listening skills to help understand another person’s frame of reference. In following this approach, you should— Mimic the content of the message Probe, then evaluate the content Evaluate the content, then advise Rephrase the content and reflect the feeling 69 / 100 As project manager, you have assembled the team to prepare a comprehensive list of project risks. Which one of the following documents would be the most helpful in this process? OBS WBS RBS CBS 70 / 100 In some cases, contract termination refers to— Contract closeout by mutual agreement Contract closeout by delivery of goods or services Contract closeout by successful performance Certification of receipt of final payment 71 / 100 You realize that leadership without management or management without leadership probably will produce poor project results. Which one of the following key responsibilities best represents project leadership? Developing a vision and strategy, and motivating people to achieve them Getting things done through other people Using charismatic power to motivate others even if they do not like the work Using all types of power, as appropriate, as motivational tools 72 / 100 Meta-evaluation refers to: Team meetings Reviewing tools only Evaluation of evaluations Report design 73 / 100 Who are primary users of MEAL data? Only donors Data collectors Stakeholders and decision-makers Media houses 74 / 100 Statements of organizational policies and philosophies, position descriptions, and constraints are examples of— Formal communication Lateral communication External communication Horizontal communication 75 / 100 A general contingency is used for— Risks that are identified at the outset of the project Risks that are not identified at the outset of the project but are known before they occur Risks that cannot be known before they occur because they are external risks Any risks that cannot be known before they occur 76 / 100 A purchase order is a good example of which form of contracting? Unilateral Bilateral Trilateral Severable 77 / 100 As you work with your team to prepare your stakeholder management plan, you decided to develop a stakeholder engagement chart. You set it up so you could— a. Show the phase of your project of interest to identified stakeholders b. Show gaps between current and desired levels of engagement c. Determine which stakeholders you and your team felt were critical to project success but did not know about it d. Determine when to involve key stakeholders in your project 78 / 100 The project scope statement should be used in the identify risk process because it— Identifies project assumptions Identifies all the work that must be done and, there- fore, includes all the risks on the project Helps to organize all the work that must be done on the project Contains information on risks from prior projects 79 / 100 You are responsible for a project in your organization that has multiple internal customers. Because many people in your organization are interested in this project, you decide to prepare a stakeholder management strategy. Before preparing this strategy, you should— Conduct a stakeholder analysis to assess information needs Determine a production schedule to show when each stakeholder needs each type of information produced Determine the potential impact that each stakeholder may generate Prioritize each stakeholder’s level of interest and influence 80 / 100 Stakeholders often have issues, and you have asked each of your team members to document them. At each team meeting, you and your team discuss them and determine appropriate responses. You have a project issue log, which is— Part of the project’s lessons learned Added to the stakeholder register to show which stake- holder raised it An output from the manage stakeholder engagement process An output from the control stakeholder engagement process 81 / 100 Significant differences between the seller’s price and your independent estimate may indicate all the following EXCEPT the— SOW was not adequate Seller misunderstood the SOW Sellers failed to respond Project team chose the wrong contract type 82 / 100 You are leading a team to recommend an equitable reward and recognition system for project Before finalizing the plan, you want to ensure that executives understand the basic objective of reward systems. This objective is to— Be comparable with the award system established for functional managers to indicate parity and to show the importance of project management to the company Make the link between project performance and reward clear, explicit, and achievable Motivate project managers to work toward common objectives and goals as defined by the company Attract people to join the organization’s project management career path 83 / 100 What is the main function of a learning plan in MEAL? Fundraising Project closure Promoting reflection and adaptation Evaluator recruitment 84 / 100 The project team directory is an output from which of the following processes? Develop project team Acquire project team Develop human resource management plan Manage project team 85 / 100 You are developing radio frequency (RF) technology that will improve overnight package delivery. You ask each stakeholder to estimate the most optimistic pack- age delivery time using the RF technology, the most pessimistic time, and the most likely time. This shows that for your next step you plan to— Use a beta or triangular probability distribution Conduct a sensitivity analysis Structure a decision analysis as a decision tree Determine the strategy for risk response 86 / 100 Which term describes the failure by either the buyer or the seller to perform part or all of the duties of a contract? Termination of contract Partial performance Breach of contract Contract waiver 87 / 100 Given that you are neighbors, you and the CEO of your company have established a friendly personal Recently your company appointed you project manager for a new project that is crucial to achieving next year’s financial targets. Which type of power available to project managers might you be able to rely upon? Referent Reward Formal Expert 88 / 100 What does MEAL stand for? Monitoring, Evaluation, Application, Learning Management, Evaluation, Accountability, Learning Monitoring, Evaluation, Accountability, Learning Measurement, Evaluation, Adaptation, Learning 89 / 100 Project managers for international projects should recog- nize key issues in cross-cultural settings and place special emphasis on— Establishing a performance reporting system Using good communication planning Establishing and following a production schedule for information distribution to avoid responding to requests for information between scheduled communications Using translation services for formal, written project reports 90 / 100 What is purposive sampling based on? Lottery method Random number tables Researcher’s judgment Coin toss 91 / 100 A workaround is— An unplanned response to a negative risk event A plan of action to follow when something unexpected occurs A specific response to certain types of risk as described in the risk management plan A proactive, planned method of responding to risks 92 / 100 If the probability of event 1 is 80 percent and of event 2 is 70 percent and they are independent events, how likely is it that both events will occur? 6 percent 15 percent 24 percent 56 percent 93 / 100 A good data collection tool should be: Long and technical Complicated to discourage errors Clear, concise, and purposeful Coded in software 94 / 100 If a business venture has a 60-percent chance to earn $2 million and a 20-percent chance to lose $1.5 million, what is the expected monetary value of the venture? –$50,000 $300,000 $500,000 $900,000 95 / 100 Assume you have identified your stakeholders and are preparing your stakeholder management plan. You are fortunate that your team is a collocated team as you are working on an internal project to reorganize your IT Department so it is focused more on its customers. The project sponsor is the Chief Operating Officer, and the IT Department Director was surprised as she thought all was well. However, you notice when planning meet- ings are held, the Chief Financial Officer never attends. You feel since IT affects the entire company, all the senior leaders need some type of involvement. You therefore feel the Chief Financial Officer may be— Resistant Unaware Uninterested Satisfied 96 / 100 Analyzing stakeholders is a part of the identify stakeholders process. Common approaches for analyzing stakeholders in a qualitative manner includes all the following two-axis grids, EXCEPT— Comparing power and influence Comparing power and interest Comparing influence and location Comparing influence and impact 97 / 100 Most statistical simulations of budgets, schedules, and resource allocations use which one of the following approaches? PERT Decision-tree analysis Present value analysis Monte Carlo analysis 98 / 100 Because you are working under a firm-fixed-price contract, management wants you to submit the final invoice and close out the contract as soon as possible. Before final payment on the contract can be authorized, you must— Prepare a contract completion statement Audit the procurement process Update and archive contract records Settle subcontracts 99 / 100 A number of items in the stakeholder management plan are similar to those in the communications management plan. An example is— Method for updating and refining the plans as the project progresses and develops Stakeholder communication requirements for the current project phase Information to be distributed to stakeholders including language, format, content, and level of detail Time frame and frequency for the distribution of required information to stakeholders 100 / 100 As project manager, you plan to conduct a “kickoff” meet- ing at which you will discuss all the following EXCEPT— Establishing working relationships and standard formats for global communication Reviewing project plans Establishing individual and group responsibilities and accountabilities Discussing specific legal issues regarding the contract 0%